TamazightV2, France, Analysis, bibRecord, 000039

Human Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88: a paternal genetic record of early mid Holocene trans-Saharan connections and the spread of Chadic languages

Identifieur interne : 000039 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000038; suivant : 000040

Human Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88: a paternal genetic record of early mid Holocene trans-Saharan connections and the spread of Chadic languages

Auteurs : Fulvio Cruciani [Italie] ; Beniamino Trombetta [Italie] ; Daniele Sellitto [Italie] ; Andrea Massaia [Italie] ; Giovanni Destro-Bisol [Italie] ; Elizabeth Watson [Suède] ; Eliane Beraud Colomb [France] ; Jean-Michel Dugoujon [France] ; Pedro Moral [Espagne] ; Rosaria Scozzari [Italie]

Source :

European Journal of Human Genetics [ 1018-4813 ] ; 2010.

RBID : PMC:2987365

Abstract

Although human Y chromosomes belonging to haplogroup R1b are quite rare in Africa, being found mainly in Asia and Europe, a group of chromosomes within the paragroup R-P25^* are found concentrated in the central-western part of the African continent, where they can be detected at frequencies as high as 95%. Phylogenetic evidence and coalescence time estimates suggest that R-P25^* chromosomes (or their phylogenetic ancestor) may have been carried to Africa by an Asia-to-Africa back migration in prehistoric times. Here, we describe six new mutations that define the relationships among the African R-P25^* Y chromosomes and between these African chromosomes and earlier reported R-P25 Eurasian sub-lineages. The incorporation of these new mutations into a phylogeny of the R1b haplogroup led to the identification of a new clade (R1b1a or R-V88) encompassing all the African R-P25^* and about half of the few European/west Asian R-P25^* chromosomes. A worldwide phylogeographic analysis of the R1b haplogroup provided strong support to the Asia-to-Africa back-migration hypothesis. The analysis of the distribution of the R-V88 haplogroup in >1800 males from 69 African populations revealed a striking genetic contiguity between the Chadic-speaking peoples from the central Sahel and several other Afroasiatic-speaking groups from North Africa. The R-V88 coalescence time was estimated at 9200–5600 kya, in the early mid Holocene. We suggest that R-V88 is a paternal genetic record of the proposed mid-Holocene migration of proto-Chadic Afroasiatic speakers through the Central Sahara into the Lake Chad Basin, and geomorphological evidence is consistent with this view.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2987365

DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2009.231
PubMed: 20051990
PubMed Central: 2987365

Affiliations:

Espagne, France, Italie, Suède

Links to Exploration step

PMC:2987365

Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Scozzari, Rosaria" sort="Scozzari, Rosaria" uniqKey="Scozzari R" first="Rosaria" last="Scozzari">Rosaria Scozzari</name>
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, Rome,<country>Italy</country>
</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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</nlm:aff>
<country xml:lang="fr">France</country>
<wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea>
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<series><title level="j">European Journal of Human Genetics</title>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Although human Y chromosomes belonging to haplogroup R1b are quite rare in Africa, being found mainly in Asia and Europe, a group of chromosomes within the paragroup R-P25<sup>*</sup>
 are found concentrated in the central-western part of the African continent, where they can be detected at frequencies as high as 95%. Phylogenetic evidence and coalescence time estimates suggest that R-P25<sup>*</sup>
 chromosomes (or their phylogenetic ancestor) may have been carried to Africa by an Asia-to-Africa back migration in prehistoric times. Here, we describe six new mutations that define the relationships among the African R-P25<sup>*</sup>
 Y chromosomes and between these African chromosomes and earlier reported R-P25 Eurasian sub-lineages. The incorporation of these new mutations into a phylogeny of the R1b haplogroup led to the identification of a new clade (R1b1a or R-V88) encompassing all the African R-P25<sup>*</sup>
 and about half of the few European/west Asian R-P25<sup>*</sup>
 chromosomes. A worldwide phylogeographic analysis of the R1b haplogroup provided strong support to the Asia-to-Africa back-migration hypothesis. The analysis of the distribution of the R-V88 haplogroup in >1800 males from 69 African populations revealed a striking genetic contiguity between the Chadic-speaking peoples from the central Sahel and several other Afroasiatic-speaking groups from North Africa. The R-V88 coalescence time was estimated at 9200–5600 kya, in the early mid Holocene. We suggest that R-V88 is a paternal genetic record of the proposed mid-Holocene migration of proto-Chadic Afroasiatic speakers through the Central Sahara into the Lake Chad Basin, and geomorphological evidence is consistent with this view.</p>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li>
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<name sortKey="Destro Bisol, Giovanni" sort="Destro Bisol, Giovanni" uniqKey="Destro Bisol G" first="Giovanni" last="Destro-Bisol">Giovanni Destro-Bisol</name>
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<name sortKey="Sellitto, Daniele" sort="Sellitto, Daniele" uniqKey="Sellitto D" first="Daniele" last="Sellitto">Daniele Sellitto</name>
<name sortKey="Trombetta, Beniamino" sort="Trombetta, Beniamino" uniqKey="Trombetta B" first="Beniamino" last="Trombetta">Beniamino Trombetta</name>
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<name sortKey="Dugoujon, Jean Michel" sort="Dugoujon, Jean Michel" uniqKey="Dugoujon J" first="Jean-Michel" last="Dugoujon">Jean-Michel Dugoujon</name>
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</record>

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Human Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88: a paternal genetic record of early mid Holocene trans-Saharan connections and the spread of Chadic languages

Human Y chromosome haplogroup R-V88: a paternal genetic record of early mid Holocene trans-Saharan connections and the spread of Chadic languages

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Abstract

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